SD/SDIO/MMC Host Driver

• Please visit http://www.fps-tech.net/products.html for detailed information on the FPS-Tech SD/SDIO/MMC Host Driver.
• uClinux driver is available in test-nios2 branch of the sopc git repository
• Example Quartus project and Evaluation IP is available on link above
• If you are interested in using the core, please request a free license for the 1-bit DAT version.

There are two example designs for MMC/SD on NEEK. One with JDhar's IP, and another use Altera SPI. The one from JDhar got higher performance using master dma and SDIO mode. While the Altera SPI is compatible with application chooser using PIO and SPI mode.

To compile a simple program, just add -elf2flt to link flag

Create a file, hello.c

#include <stdio.h>int main(void){  printf("hello world\\n"); world\n");}

nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc hello.c -o hello -elf2flt

The compiled object format is FLAT.You may check it with,

nios2-linux-uclibc-flthdr hello

hello Magic: bFLT Rev: 4 Build Date: Mon Jun 5 21:49:44 2006 Entry: 0x40 Data Start: 0x4a8c Data End: 0x5c48 BSS End: 0x7ca8 Stack Size: 0x1000 Reloc Start: 0x5c48 Reloc Count: 0x11e Flags: 0x1 ( Load-to-Ram )

Then copy hello to the romfs/bin dir. Rebuild the kernel image for initramfs.cp hello ~/uClinux-dist/romfs/bincd ~/uClinux-distmake

Boot nios2 uClinux, and runhello

The default stack size of application is 4KB, you can change it with -elf2flt="-s <new stack size>" option, eg ,nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc hello.c -o hello -elf2flt="-s 16000"will have stack size as 16KiB.

The default include dir search path is /opt/nios2/include (or staging_dir/include if you use buildroot) The default library search path is /opt/nios2/lib (or staging_dir/lib if you use buildroot)The default apps library is uClibc's libc, so you don't need -lc .If you use math, you need -lm .If you use pthread, you need -lpthread .If you use crypt, you need -lcrypt .

example apps to use button pio.

Add hello as an user apps to uClinux-dist

1. add a line to user/Makefile , dir_$(CONFIG_USER_HELLO_HELLO) += hello
2. (for master branch only) add a line to misc section of config/config.in, bool 'hello' CONFIG_USER_HELLO_HELLO
3. mkdir ~/uClinux-dist/user/hello
4. put hello.c in user/hello dir,
5. create Makefile in user/hello dir,

OBJS = hello.oall: $(EXEC)$(EXEC): $(OBJS) $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LDLIBS)romfs: $(ROMFSINST) /bin/$(EXEC)clean: -rm -f $(EXEC) *.elf *.gdb *.o

   6. (for non-master branches) edit file user/Kconfig, add an entry after the line of menu "Miscellaneous Applications",

config USER_HELLO_HELLO    bool "hello"    help      The hello example

Porting apps or libs

IO programming in user space.

Note, you are doing in user space, with uclibc and included from /opt/nios2/include. It is not kernel space. You can not use interrupt. You can not use nios2 HAL, either.

You should know about the cache in Nios II. (BadOman:) The first 2GB of address space is cached. The second 2GB is non-cached. These are not two seperate memory spaces or anything so there is a total of 2GB of address space (mirrored memory). This only applies for Nios II Full version with Data Cache. Nios II Standard version is uncached, so there should be no problems.In other words address 0x00000000 (cachable) maps to address 0x8000000 (non-cachable)" " " " " " 0x00000001 " " " " " " " " 0x8000001 (and so on .....)So use the first 2GB for non-peripheral access (local memory), and the second 2GB for peripherals

You can define memory pointer access, and you can make it uncached by setting address bit 31.eg, 0x00004000 -> 0x80004000

Or use port address defined in nios2_system.h, eg na_button_pio.#include </home/hippo/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x/include/nios2_system.h>

#define inw(port) (*(volatile unsigned *)(port))                # for io read,#define outw(d,port) (*(volatile unsigned *)(port))=(d)    # for io write,

As an alternative, you can use these two defines (which are always uncached), they are similar to the Nios2-IDE functions :#define IORD(address,offset) (*(volatile unsigned *)(((address)|0x80000000)+4*(offset)))#define IOWR(address,offset,value) (*(volatile unsigned *)(((address)|0x80000000)+4*(offset)))=(value)

Here we will setup the source to build Nios2 uClinux. branch "test-nios2" , per 20080619.

If you already have the toolchain and working uClinux-dist git repo, then you can skip the "new install" below and go to the second half, "Distro upgrade".

New install

You must have a Linux desktop with software development packages. Login as root or use sudo to install these packages.On Fedora,RHEL,Centossudo yum install git-core make gcc ncurses-devel bison flex gawk gettext ccache zlib-devel On Suse,sudo zypper install git-core make gcc ncurses-devel bison flex gawk gettext ccache zlib-devel On Debian/Ubuntu,sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install git-core make gcc ncurses-dev bison flex gawk gettext ccache zlib1g-dev libx11-dev texinfo

Please check your git version with "git --version". If it is older than 1.5.3.x, please update to the latest.

On Ubuntu, check if the default shell is "bash"ls -l /bin/shThis should give "/bin/sh -> bash",Otherwise, change it with,sudo rm /bin/shsudo ln -s bash /bin/shfollowed by a logout and log back in again.

As root, check if you have "cc" which is a symlink to "gcc" ?which gccgcc -vwhich cccc -vif not, cd /usr/binln -s gcc cc

Make sure you have 5GB or more free disk space. Please download the tar file nios2-linux-20080619.tar , 880MB. Best thanks to Altera's kindly hosting these files.(but don't use Windows ftp, it corrupt the files)

ftp://ftp.altera.com/outgoing/nios2-linux-20080619.tar

(SHA1SUM bb851b5494b4ae5c6ccdcfa5625b0f4d9340252a nios2-linux-20080619.tar)We use "git" to keep the source. You make check out GitServer later. The git database inside the tar file was compressed, so we don't do compression on the tar file.

You can build in any working directory as a user account, eg. in your home (say /home/hippo). The tar file contains a nios2-linux dir.

tar xf <path_to>nios2-linux-20080619.tar  # untar the package

cd nios2-linuxls   # see what's inbinutils  gcc3       README           uClibc        use_http_for_updatecheckout  insight    toolchain-build  uClinux-distelf2flt   linux-2.6  u-boot           update

# check out the source./checkout

Now the source for the Nios2 uClinux and gnutools was ready.

linux-2.6: the Linux kernel source, which is stock Linux kernel plus Nios2 specific patches. The current version is v2.6.26-rc6.uClinux-dist: the uClinux userspace libraries and applications. We will build uClinux here.

binutils,gcc3,elf2flt,insight: the gnu tools.uClibc: the main userspace libraries, which is smaller that glibc. please note, newlib doesn't support Nios2 uClinux.

u-boot: a powerful boot loader and monitor, DasUBoot .

We will proceed to build the toolchain. If you don't want or fail to build it yourself, you may use the prebuild BinaryToolchain.

cd toolchain-buildgit clean -f -x -d   # clean on restartmake gcc elf2flt gdb-hostcd ..

It might take hours to build.

The default installation path is 'toolchain-build/build/nios2'. Then setup the PATH for the tools, you can add a line at the end of file ~/.bash_profile (or ~/.profile on Debian/Ubuntu) ( the file is hidden, you have to use "ls -a" to find it . For "gedit" use open Location, and enter the file name), like thisPATH=$PATH:/home/hippo/nios2-linux/toolchain-build/build/nios2/bin

Logout and login again. You can use the tools now. Run this to verify that you have it in your command search path,nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc -v

Try to compile a simple hello.c like this,

#include <stdio.h>int main(void){  printf("hello world\\\\\\\\n"); world\\\\n");}

nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc hello.c -o hello -elf2flt

The compiled object format is FLAT.You may check it with,

nios2-linux-uclibc-flthdr hello

Optionally, add links for ccache, as root or via sudoln -s /usr/bin/ccache /usr/lib/ccache/nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc ln -s /usr/bin/ccache /usr/lib/ccache/nios2-linux-uclibc-g++ln -s /usr/bin/ccache /usr/lib/ccache/nios2-linux-uclibc-c++When you compile something, the cache will be used and the compilation run faster. You can check cache status with,ccache -s

Now you can follow UClinuxDist to build the kernel. You should build in the new source tree, nios2-linux/uClinux-dist .

cd uClinux-distmake menuconfigmake vendor_hwselect SYSPTF=<path to your system ptf>make

Release note

Important changes in this release, nios2-linux-20080619,

1. the arch name is now "nios2", (but not nios2nommu). Use current development branch test-nios2 by default.2. the kernel source linux-2.6.x and uClibc are removed from uClinux-dist. the kernel source is now external linux-2.6 (from linux-2.6.git) at the same directory level as uClinux-dist.3. the previous nios2_system.h is relocated to include/asm-nios2/nios2.h, and now the port/memory address is physical address , without cache-bypass, ie no address bit 31 set.4. mtd partition maps file altera.c , microtronix.c and EPCS drivers are removed. Now they are in the platform device data of arch/nios2/kernel/config.c, using generic physical maps , m25p80 and altera spi driver.5. many arch/drivers reworked/added, such as timer, interrupt handler, cache, ioremap, uart/jtaguart, framebuffer, spi, TSE.6. adopt the Makefile from blackfin uclinux-dist, with many userspace libs/apps merged from blackfin. eg, ncurses, openssl, directfb, freetype..etc.7. introduce the staging dir, with all libs and headers installed there. the previous include dir was removed.

The latest branch is "test-nios2". Despite the "test" in the name, this does not mean "unstable". All future works and support will base on this branch. I won't update those older branches with the limited time available. Please migrate to the new branch.The uClinux-dist dose not contain the kernel now. It should stick with "test-nios2" branch. It will merge updates from uclinux.org and blackfin uclinux.The development of nios2 kernel will stick with mainly the "test-nios2" branch, with proper tags follow Linus' releases. eg "v2.6.26-nios2" tag when Linus release "v2.6.26" stable. Then it will move on to v2.6.27-rc1, but not with a new branch. It is still "test-nios2" branch.Though there will be some experimental branches from time to time, but they will be merged into the main branch "test-nios2" at proper time. And then deleted.If you need a "stable" branch, you can create local branch off the stable tags. You might apply patches from stable-queue git. Or you want to freeze. It is all up to you.

git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/stable-queue.git  # patches for stable releases

Update

After you have first successful boot, you can get updates from server. Change to the nios2-linux dir,

Please disable optimize for size, or start with default config again.General setup -->[ ] Optimize for size   <== unselect

Distro upgrade

If you already have the toolchain and working uClinux-dist git repo, you don't have to download the new tar ball nios2-linux-20080619.tar .

As the kernel source is removed from the uClinux-dist dir, you need a kernel source dir. At the same dir level of uClinux-dist, don't cd uClinux-dist. Clone the kernel source from the Linus' git.

git clone -n git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.gitOr if you are behind a proxy firewall,git clone -n http://www.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git

ls   # see what's inlinux-2.6        uClinux-dist

cd linux-2.6

Edit the file .git/config, change the origin url to sopc server,

[remote "origin"]        url = git://sopc.et.ntust.edu.tw/git/linux-2.6.git        fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*Or if you are behind a proxy firewall,[remote "origin"]         url = http://sopc.et.ntust.edu.tw/git/linux-2.6.git         fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*

Next, create the new branch "test-nios2" and checkout,

git fetch origingit branch --track test-nios2 origin/test-nios2git checkout test-nios2cd ..

Then, checkout the "test-nios2" branch of uClinux-dist,

cd uClinux-distgit clean -f -x -dgit fetch origingit branch --track test-nios2 origin/test-nios2 git checkout -f test-nios2  # forced Now, you may build as before in this uClinux-dist dir,

make menuconfigmake vendor_hwselect SYSPTF=<your_system.ptf> make

migration

If you have local commit in older branches, either v2.6.26-nios2 or pre v2.6.26-nios2, you will have to move the local kernel patches from uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x/ to linux-2.6/ .First, find your local commit sha1 id in the old branch of uClinux-dist, usinggit log <old branch> <dir of interest>orgitk <old branch> <dir of interest>eg,cd uClinux-distgitk v2.6.24-uc-myabc linux-2.6.x/Take down the sha1 ID of the commit, 7-8 digits is enough. say, abc6789.Use git-format-patch to generate patches for cherry-pick,git format-patch abc6789^..abc6789Or you can use a range, and pick only you need.git format-patch <from>..<to>Some 0001-......patch will be generated.Filter the patches to change the path and arch reference,sed -i -e szlinux-2.6.x/zzg 0*patchsed -i -e sznios2nommuznios2zg 0*patchThen create your local branch from test-nios2 branch of linux-2.6/Now you can apply these patchescd ../linux-2.6# create and checkout local branch from test-nios2# track the remote, depend on how you set remote,# in the new tar ball, the origin is sopc.et.ntust.edu.twgit branch --track test-nios2-myabc origin/test-nios2git checkout test-nios2-myabcgit am <path_to_the_patches>****************************************************For other dir in uClinux-dist, eg, vendors/Altera, generate patches from your local commit.cd uClinux-distgitk v2.6.24-uc-myabc vendors/Alteragitk format-patch <from>..<to>Filter the patches to change the arch reference,sed -i -e sznios2nommuznios2zg 0*patchNow create your local branch from test-nios2 of uClinux-dist, and apply the patches,git branch --track test-nios2-myabc origin/test-nios2git checkout test-nios2-myabcgit am <path_to_the_patches>

i2c-gpio

In your top level design,.bidir_port_to_and_from_the_gpio_0 ( { I2C_SCLK, I2C_SDAT }),

i2c from opencores

ellis summaried,

As mentioned by jdhar there is "A ready made avalon component - no need to do all of this." under:http://via.fps-tech.org/svn/fpga/cores/i2c_master/trunk/->copy the folder and files into a folder in your Quartus projectdirectory, SOPC Builder will find the component automatically. Add thecomponent to your SOPC Builder system and connect the signals to somepins.

Or you can find a sopc v7.2/v8.0 ready component,contributed by longshot, in the project area of nios forum, OpenCores I2C

The single hdl files, some usefull documentation and programming examples (chapter 6 of "I2C_specs.doc") can be found under:http://www.opencores.org/cvsweb.shtml/i2c/

User space device interface

[*] cat [*] echo

[*] msh

#!/bin/msh 

and setting the executable flags for the script file.In rc, the script is now simply called like a normal executable.

Usually the complex script files will be located in /etc. To have them moved there, they are created in vendor/altera/nios2 and the Makefile in that directory is edited to handle them appropriately.

It makes much sense to use one or more simple script files in a Flash file system that are called (i.e. "sourced") by the rc-file(s) and just do some environment settings that are to be acknowledged by the initialization scripts.

These Flash based files can be changed "online" by an appropriate mechanism. Very easy is doing this with FTP (which is enabled in our uCLinux-dist by default). A much more user-friendly way is to do this with a web browser via boa and cgi. Here using a "haserl" script would be most appropriate, but - curiously right now (July 2008) even though haserl only works on out dist if a syslog() call is added to provided with the source code and ucLinux-dist - unfortunately, on the syslog daemon is running (while it target device  I was not able to make boa successfully run a haserl script (which works easily on a PC-Linux installation). Any help on this issue is very much appreciated !

Example initialization scripts

You must have "msh" shell and the apps "echo" and "cat" in busybox enabled (see on top)!

An example of cascaded initialization scripts is provided here. These are used in the current version of the binary NEEK distribution that can be found on the TryOutuClinux  page.

/etc/rc is the initial script executed by the init process using /bin/sh (thus sash)/etc/rc0 is called by rc0 and executed by msh. Here the configuration is read and decisions are made based on the configuration settings. rc0 writes the file /etc/rcc that can be read by any shell using the "source" or "." command to use the preprocessed configuration options.

/etc/rcts does additional system configuration settings

/etc/rca is meant for starting the primary applications (based on configuration settings)

/etc/rcd does the default configuration settings that are used even if the configuration in flash is not (yet) available

/etc/rcc can be read by any shell (sash using the "source", msh using the "." command) to use the preprocessed configuration options. As the environment variables can be e.g. names of additional script files, decisions that are done when rc0 was executed can get effective later.

/mnt/configflash/rc1 is located in the Flash. It does configuration settings and can be edited on the running device.

File /etc/rc (created in vendors/Altera/nios2)

mount -t proc proc /procmount -t sysfs sysfs /sysmount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usbmkdir /var/tmpmkdir /var/logmkdir /var/runmkdir /var/lockmkdir /var/emptyifconfig lo 127.0.0.1route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 locat /etc/motd########################## FLASH                 ##########################mkdir /mnt/configflashmount -t jffs2 /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt/configflash########################## Read configuration    ##########################/etc/rc0source /etc/rcc########################## APPLICATIONS          ##########################/etc/rca########################## AFTER STARTING APPS   ##########################  

File /etc/rc0 (created in vendors/Altera/nios2)

#!/bin/msh#using the more versatile shell to read the configuration settingsRC=/etc/rcdif [ -e $RC ]; then   echo reading configuration settings in $RC  . $RCfiRC=/mnt/configflash/rc1if [ -e $RC ]; then   echo reading configuration settings in $RC  . $RCfiif [ $NANOX == Y ]; then   RC=/etc/rcts  if [ -e $RC ]; then     echo reading configuration settings in $RC    . $RC    if [ -e $TSLIB_CALIBFILE ]; then      echo touch screen support enabled      export TSLIB_FBDEVICE      export TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE      export TSLIB_CALIBFILE      export TSLIB_TSDEVICE    else      export TSLIB_FBDEVICE=none      export TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE=none      export TSLIB_CALIBFILE=none      export TSLIB_TSDEVICE=none    fi   fifiRC=/etc/rccecho HOSTNAME=$HOSTNAME > $RCecho DHCP=$DHCP >> $RCecho IP=$IP >> $RCecho INETD=$INETD >> $RCecho BOA=$BOA >> $RCecho NANOX=$NANOX >> $RCecho DEMO=$DEMO >> $RCecho DEMOPIC=$DEMOPIC >> $RCecho TSLIB_FBDEVICE=$TSLIB_FBDEVICE >> $RCecho TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE=$TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE >> $RCecho TSLIB_CALIBFILE=$TSLIB_CALIBFILE >> $RCecho TSLIB_TSDEVICE=$TSLIB_TSDEVICE >>$RCecho =========================cat $RCecho =========================/bin/sh -c hostname $HOSTNAMEif [ $DHCP == Y ]; then   echo starting dhcp client  dhcpcd -p -a -h $HOSTNAME eth0 &else  echo set IP to $IP  /bin/sh -c ifconfig eth0 $IPfiif [ $INETD == Y ]; then   echo starting inetd  inetd &fiif [ $BOA == Y ]; then   echo starting boa  boa &fiif [ $NANOX == Y ]; then   echo starting nano-X  nano-X &  nanowm &fi

File /etc/rcts (created in vendors/Altera/nios2)

TSLIB_FBDEVICE=/dev/fb0TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE=noneTSLIB_CALIBFILE=/mnt/configflash/pointerclTSLIB_TSDEVICE=/dev/input/event0  

File /etc/rca (created in vendors/Altera/nios2)

#!/bin/msh#using the more versatile shell to start application. /etc/rccif [ $DEMO == Y ]; then   echo starting nano-X demo  nxview $DEMOPIC &fi  

File /etc/rcd (created in vendors/Altera/nios2)

# Default configuration# used if the flash based configuration files are not availableHOSTNAME=uclinuxDHCP=Y IP=0.0.0.0INETD=YBOA=YNANOX=YDEMO=YDEMOPIC=/etc/p.jpg  

File /etc/rcc (created on the fly by rc0)

HOSTNAME=uclinuxDHCP=YIP=192.168.37.173INETD=YBOA=YNANOX=YDEMO=YDEMOPIC=/mnt/configflash/demo.jpgTSLIB_FBDEVICE=/dev/fb0TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE=noneTSLIB_CALIBFILE=/mnt/configflash/pointerclTSLIB_TSDEVICE=/dev/input/event0 

File /mnt/configflash/rc1 (created in the devices flash file system e.g. via FTP)

HOSTNAME=uclinuxDHCP=YIP=192.168.37.173BOA=YDEMO=YDEMOPIC=/mnt/configflash/demo.jpg 

mini-howto setup and use a git server for kernel development

'git' is a version control system written by Linus. It is widely used by kernel developers. You can find tutorials and manuals from git.This page is a brief description of how to use git to access a public server, sopc, which is created to host open-source projects of nios2 and alike. 

This server is located at the Embedded System Lab., Electronic Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology . The server was maintained by Mon-Chau Shie, who is an assistant professor of the Electronic Dept., NTUST. Many thanks for his kind support.(The server is behind a firewall, and you won't be able to ping.)

All contributions to kernel and u-boot should conform to the Linux kernel coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" and the script "scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory.

Use the git as a user (readonly)

7. You may switch to the "test-nios2" branch, which contains the latest drivers and software.InstallNios2Linux .

Use the git as a project contributors (can write)

git format-patch AAAA..BBBB # generate patches from commit AAAA to commit BBBB, create numbered patches 00xxx.patchgit checkout v2.6.23-ucgit pullgit am 00xxx.patchgit log # check againgit push origin v2.6.23-uc

Setup a git server for public

Summary of branches on sopc server

ref:

(this page describe the "test-nios2" branch, older branches may not apply)

MTD is the driver for various flash devices, such as CFI flash, SPI flash, and NAND flash. You need to enable the specific driver to access the flash. The single or multiple flash chips can be divided in to partitions which can be accessed as char devices /dev/mtd0..3 or block devices /dev/mtdblock0..3.

The CFI flash component should be named as "ext_flash", and the EPCS controller component should be named as "epcs_controller", otherwise you have to modify linux-2.6/arch/nios2/kernel/config.c .

The mtd partition map is located in linux-2.6/arch/nios2/kernel/config.c . You will need to edit the maps and buswidth for your boards.

Eg, the NEEK has 16 bits data bus, and has partitions defined by the apps chooser, please refer to the user guide.

static struct mtd_partition nios2_partitions[] = {static struct mtd_partition nios2_partitions[] = {

#elif defined(CONFIG_ALTERA_NEEK_C3)    {     .name = "romfs/jffs2",     .size = 0x300000,     .offset = 0xd00000,     },    {     .name = "catalog",     .size = 0x020000,     .offset = 0,     },    {     .name = "application",     .size = 0xb80000,     .offset = 0x180000,     },    {     .name = "selector",     .size = 0x160000,     .offset = 0x020000,     .mask_flags = MTD_WRITEABLE,    /* force read-only */     }#else#elif defined(CONFIG_ALTERA_NEEK_C3)    {     .name = "romfs/jffs2",     .size = 0x300000,     .offset = 0xd00000,     },    {     .name = "catalog",     .size = 0x020000,     .offset = 0,     },    {     .name = "application",     .size = 0xb80000,     .offset = 0x180000,     },    {     .name = "selector",     .size = 0x160000,     .offset = 0x020000,     .mask_flags = MTD_WRITEABLE,    /* force read-only */     }#else

static struct physmap_flash_data nios2_flash_data = {#if defined(CONFIG_ALTERA_NEEK_C3)    .width = 2,        /* 16 bits data bus */#elsestatic struct physmap_flash_data nios2_flash_data = {#if defined(CONFIG_ALTERA_NEEK_C3)    .width = 2,        /* 16 bits data bus */#elseIf you use epcs controller and your fpga is not Cyclone or Cyclone II, you must change the epcs reg offset from 0x200 to 0x400 in the config.c above.

#if (defined(CONFIG_SPI_ALTERA)  || defined(CONFIG_SPI_ALTERA_MODULE)) && defined(na_epcs_controller)#define EPCS_SPI_OFFSET 0x200    /* FIXME */  <== change this to 0x400 if your fpga is not Cyclone or Cyclone II

In uClinux-dist, run "make menuconfig", change the kernel setting,

Processor type and features -->

Platform (Altera Nios II Embedded Evaluation Kit support)   <== change this to your dev board

Device Drivers -->

#### To enable MTD

[*] Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->--- Memory Technology Device (MTD) support[ ] Debugging (NEW)[ ] MTD concatenating support (NEW)[*] MTD partitioning support[ ] RedBoot partition table parsing (NEW)[ ] Command line partition table parsing (NEW)[ ] TI AR7 partitioning support (NEW)

*** User Modules And Translation Layers ***[*] Direct char device access to MTD devices-*- Common interface to block layer for MTD 'translation layers[ ] TI AR7 partitioning support (NEW)*** User Modules And Translation Layers ***[*] Direct char device access to MTD devices-*- Common interface to block layer for MTD 'translation layers[*] Caching block device access to MTD devices

#### To enable CFI flash

RAM/ROM/Flash chip drivers --->[*] Detect flash chips by Common Flash Interface (CFI) probe[ ] Detect non-CFI AMD/JEDEC-compatible flash chips (NEW)[ ] Flash chip driver advanced configuration options (NEW)[*] Support for Intel/Sharp flash chips # for neek[*] Support for AMD/Fujitsu flash chips # others[ ] Support for ST (Advanced Architecture) flash chips (NEW)[ ] Support for RAM chips in bus mapping (NEW)[ ] Support for ROM chips in bus mapping (NEW)[ ] Support for absent chips in bus mapping (NEW)

Mapping drivers for chip access --->[ ] Support non-linear mappings of flash chips (NEW)[*] CFI Flash device in physical memory map(0x8000000) Physical start address of flash mapping (NEW) # ignored, we will pass platform data(0) Physical length of flash mapping (NEW) # ignored, we will pass platform data(2) Bank width in octets (NEW) # ignored, we will pass platform data[ ] Generic uClinux RAM/ROM filesystem support (NEW)[ ] Map driver for platform device RAM (mtd-ram) (NEW)

#### To enable EPCS SPI flash

[*] SPI support --->--- SPI support*** SPI Master Controller Drivers ***[*] Altera SPI Controller-*- Bitbanging SPI master*** SPI Protocol Masters ***[ ] SPI EEPROMs from most vendors (NEW)[ ] User mode SPI device driver support (NEW)[ ] Infineon TLE62X0 (for power switching) (NEW)

[*] Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->Self-contained MTD device drivers --->[ ] Support for AT45xxx DataFlash (NEW)[*] Support most SPI Flash chips (AT26DF, M25P, W25X, ...)[*] Use FAST_READ OPCode allowing SPI CLK <= 50MHz (NEW)

#### To enable flash filesystem support

File systems --> Miscellaneous filesystems  --->

[*] Journalling Flash File System v2 (JFFS2) support

Flash Tools  ---> --- MTD utils

[*] mtd-utils

[*] eraseall

In the Boot log you should see:

Altera NDK flash (AMD): Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 16-bit bank Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x010A Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x010A Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x010A Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x010A Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x010AUsing buffer write methodUsing auto-unlock on power-up/resumecfi_cmdset_0001: Erase suspend on write enabledcmdlinepart partition parsing not availableRedBoot partition parsing not availableUsing Altera NDK partition definitionCreating 4 MTD partitions on "Altera NDK flash (AMD)":0x00200000-0x00800000 : "romfs/jffs2"0x00000000-0x00200000 : "loader/kernel"0x00800000-0x00c00000 : "User configuration"0x00c00000-0x01000000 : "safe configuration"

If you are unsure that the flash range for JFFS2 (see boot log) is empty you can do:

eraseall /dev/mtd0

mount -t jffs2 /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt

Turn on host-side usb, usb dev filesystem, your hcd (eg : ISP1362 or ISP 116x), and the usb device you want to use (eg : mass storage device).

[*] USB support  --->

--- USB support                                                   [*]   Support for Host-side USB                                   [ ]     USB verbose debug messages                                [ ]     USB announce new devices                                          *** Miscellaneous USB options ***                         [*]     USB device filesystem                                     [*]     USB device class-devices (DEPRECATED)                     [ ]     Dynamic USB minor allocation                              [ ]     Rely on OTG Targeted Peripherals List                     [ ]     Disable external hubs                                             *** USB Host Controller Drivers ***                       [ ]     Cypress C67x00 HCD support                                [ ]     ISP116X HCD support                                       [*]     ISP1362 HCD support                                       [ ]     ISP 1760 HCD support                                      [ ]     SL811HS HCD support                                       [ ]     R8A66597 HCD support                                            *** NOTE: USB_STORAGE enables SCSI, and 'SCSI disk support'       *** may also be needed; see USB_STORAGE Help for more infor [*]   USB Mass Storage support                                    [ ]     USB Mass Storage verbose debug                           

[ ]   USB Monitor   # unselect this

Turn on file system support, eg, FAT,

If you are using DE2, you may try the example project DE2_System_v1.6/DE2_demonstrations/DE2_NIOS_HOST_MOUSE_VGA of the DE2 v1.6 CD.

when booting, the kernel will detect your hcd, your usb devices.

usb 1-2: new full speed USB device using isp1362-hcd and address 3usb 1-2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choicescsi1 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices Vendor: USB 2.0 Model: Mobile Disk Rev: 2.00 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02SCSI device sda: 256000 512-byte hdwr sectors (131 MB)sda: Write Protect is offsda: assuming drive cache: write throughSCSI device sda: 256000 512-byte hdwr sectors (131 MB)sda: Write Protect is offsda: assuming drive cache: write through sda: sda1sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sda# fdisk -l /dev/sdaDisk /dev/sda: 131 MB, 131072000 bytes16 heads, 32 sectors/track, 500 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 512 * 512 = 262144 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 499 127728 6 FAT16# mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt# cd /mnt# ls

Linux Host Controller driver for the NXP (was Philips semi) ISP176x USB High Speed Host Controller PCI kit. This driver provides BULK, INTERRUPT, and ISOCHRONOUS transfer support.  hcd and dcd on sf.net . Bernard ported the driver to a PXA255 running 2.6.17. It's at http://dagobah.ucc.asn.au/isp1761/. See http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.p...&forum_id=38940 for more info. If you are designing a new board, you should consider ISP1761 instead of ISP1362. The ISP1761 is much faster (at high speed) and support more features.

Understanding and developing Linux USB drivers

SOPC Component for ISP1362

For SOPC Builder, create a new component using this verilog file ISP1362_CTRL.v. Click next until the "interface" tab, then make the following changes :

•     Slave Adressing : Native
•     Units : ns
•     Setup : 100
•     Read Wait : 100
•     Write Wait : 100
•     Hold : 100

After creating the component, add it to your design. Make sure it is named "ISP1362". Thats it.

After compiling the design, the pin assignments must be set. The pin names used in the verilog code matches the pin names used in the DE2 User manual. Make sure the pin assignment is done correctly. This works in Altera Quartus 7.1sp1.

SOPC Component for ISP1161A (also works with Microtronix USB-Ethernet daughterboard)

Add this file (ISP1161A_CRTL_hw.tcl) into your Quartus Project folder, and refresh your SOPC builder. It will then be available under UTM > ISP1161A. Add it into your project and rename the component to "usb". This works in Altera Quartus 8.0.

If the above method gives errors, or doesnt work with a newer version of quartus, use this file (ISP1161_CTRL.v) and create a new component.

Set irq_n as "Interrupt Sender - irq_n". Make sure to assign this interrupt sender to the Avalon bus in the next page.

Set all the USB chip pins as "Conduit - export".

In the next page, set the following values for timing :

•     Units : ns
•     Setup : 100
•     Read Wait : 100
•     Write Wait : 100
•     Hold : 100

After creating the component, add it to your design. Make sure it is named "usb". Thats it.

GNU / Buildroot Tool Chain

• support for Execute in Place ("XIP") for nommu flavor (needs completely position independent code ("PIC") support by the Compiler)

Kernel Arch

• Every pieces of nios2 code should be reviewed and compared again those of m68knommu or other arch.Files to be revised:
  • file1...
  • file2...
• Coding style clean up.
• Optional MPU support.
• Optional "full" Linux with MMU

Kernel Drivers

• All drivers should use platform driver model.Drivers to be revised:
  • driver1...
  • driver2...
• Opencore I2C driver,   there is the driver in mainline kernel, but we need platform data and testing.
• SPI driver, the old one is useless. The new one should be developed.
• DMA interface driver, the old one is useless.
• NEEK LCD framebuffer
• NEEK touch screen driver
• "programmable timer" driver for "tickless Linux" (the appropriate hardware needs to designed, too)
• ioremap as a macro to inline it if nommu

File Systems

• cifs (Samba) client (hangs)

Make / Configuration System

• Add NEEK to board selection=== done ===
• When XIP is available move as many apps as possible into busybox by default (init, shell, ...)
• When XIP is available use a better shell than sash by default
• Makefile glitch: 10 times "Making symlinks in include/". Once seems to be enough.
• Better integration of the definition of the pof file to be used

User Space Libs and Apps

• Compiling error when gdb-server is activate=== gdbserver is not enabled as default any more ===
• More "user friendly" FTP server by enabling ls in busybox on default and adding password for root (and a user uclinux) in passwd
• Start inetd and boa in rc on default (no harm done, if they can't run due to not Ethernet configured)
• "haserl" does not compile (Makefile problem) === partly solved ===  (On some systems a dummy file "NEWS" seems to be necessary.)
• "haserl" does not work=== partly solved ===  (After adding a line syslog("Haserl start") in main() main it works due to a miracle. It only works if the syslog daemon is running) miracle.)

Documentation

• "make help" should create a decent output. At least listing the available make targets including the "_only" and "_clean" stuff.
• how to modify the various real-time configuration files
  • RC (easy: /vendor)
  • passwd (easy: /vendor)
  • initd.conf
  • services
  • stuff in vendors/Altera/nios2nommu/romfs_list
  • ...
• inittab / rc
• how to save the Kernel and application/library configuration in a way that it survives a "git checkout -f" or "git clean -d" or "make real_clean"
• ...

Politics

• Have Altera and/or SLS mirror (or run) the GIT server (with HTTP support)
• Communicate with SLS about company <-> community collaboration and preserving a common code base
• Suggest NIOS arch for inclusion into the main line Kernel
• Method to assign to-do issues to programmers and to track progress
• A great deal of the necessary documentation is not specific to the NIOS arch. There should be a central uCLinux-dist documentation Wiki for that.

The debug info (-g) is disabled by default. To enable debug info,